What is Clinical Trial Supply?

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Clinical trials are the key to producing new and innovative medicines. As the world population increases and new pandemics and diseases surface, the need for efficient clinical trial supply has increased over the past decade. Efficient and regulated clinical trial supply is not just beneficial for the patients, it is equally life-changing for pharmaceutical manufacturers, life-science and biotech companies, hospitals, research organizations as well as academic institutions. However, clinical trial supply is an expensive, complicated, and potentially challenging undertaking.

Before exploring the business capabilities required for clinical trial supplies, it is important to define what a clinical trial supply is and what is the R&D spending on making clinical trial supplies efficient and error-free.

Clinical Trial Supply–A Brief Look

Clinical Trial Supply is defined as the supply of materials needed for conducting a clinical trial. This includes 24-hour collection and delivery of biological specimens (such as infectious samples), clinical trial translations, investigation drug kits, and other study materials and supplies.

As clinical trials increase in volume and become more complex, the supply of clinical drugs has become even more important. An efficient clinical drug supply can reduce the possibility of it being a bottleneck in successful drug delivery.

The growth in clinical trials has resulted in accelerated R&D spending in the pharmaceutical industry, with estimates of $190 billion in 2019, which is 30% more than in 2015. Other than this, industry-funded clinical trials have also increased, with more than 6,100 starting in 2019. Additionally, the development of COVID-19 vaccines has resulted in shorter timelines and a shift to decentralized trials.

Business Capabilities Required for Efficient Clinical Trial Supply

To ensure error-free drug supply and clinical trial efficiency, it is important to have some business capabilities in place such as:

  • Higher flexibility in the business process to help fulfill future clinical supplies that a business needs
  • Streamlined clinical trial supply processes as well as valuable real-time data for enabling businesses to make informed decisions on every aspect of the supply chain
  • To take into account the replenishment cycle of drugs and clinical supply, it is important to have improved planning by taking actual enrollment and working on Clinical Trial Supply Management practices
  • Put into practice end-to-end support with a supply setup, demand forecasting as well as supply chain integrity
  • Taking into account supply chain efficiency by ensuring smooth manufacturing and distribution of clinical drugs to pharmaceutical companies and hospitals.
  • Other than pursuing operational excellence, companies executing clinical trial supplies have an important role in the provision of better patient and investigator experiences, especially in decentralized trials
  • Building flexibility for complex clinical trials as well as establishing new and advanced capabilities for personalized medicines.

In the process of ensuring smooth clinical trial supplies, one cannot forget the cell and gene therapies that are expected to grow from 16% of product launches in 2021 to 36% in 2025. To ensure efficient cell and gene therapy trials, a company should put effective trial methods into practice while taking into account the supply chain efficiencies and removing any bottlenecks from the whole process.

How to Configure Clinical Supply Model

To ensure the potential benefits of efficient clinical trial supplies, companies should configure their clinical supply models by pursuing the following methods:

●     Developing capabilities to improve the investigator and patient experience:

As decentralized trials increase in number and companies shift towards enacting these decentralized trials, the supply functions of clinical drugs are likely to become more central to both the investigator and patient experience. The inclusion of essential elements will be a big step toward ensuring a flexible decentralized experience. These essential elements will include packaging design, delivery and returns, patient-device support services, trial-data management, and user interfaces for investigators. Additionally, reviewing telehealth for decentralized trials will highly improve the patient and investigator experience.

●     Rethinking the clinical drug supply strategy

Leading pharmaceutical companies are exploring new and innovative ways to achieve supply-chain flexibility as trial needs change, especially for adaptive trials. This flexibility concerns sourcing, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, and distribution of medicines and clinical trials. The main goal of these pharmaceutical companies should be to respond quickly to changes in dosage levels, formulations, and trial arms. The increased flexibility might require a differentiated sourcing strategy as well as a network of internal and external facilities.

●     Considering future pipeline scenarios

Pharmaceutical companies should take active measures to consider future pipeline scenarios such as the scale and mix of modalities. For example, a global pharmaceutical company with modalities in its timeline reconfigured its end-to-end clinical supply strategy in order to support accelerated timelines as well as diverse trials. Another large pharmaceutical company achieved a 10% reduction in drug supply costs by adopting sourcing strategies for each program and insourcing its labeling and packaging operations.

●     Leveraging advanced clinical planning

Responsive forecasting and planning is the key to ensuring a smooth end-to-end clinical supply chain. Two important tools can ensure greater flexibility–advanced analytics for patient forecasting and interactive response technology to support the site and patient forecasting. For example, leading biotech has started to integrate IRT RapidResponse as well as enterprise resource planning systems along with building an automated exchange mechanism and clinical trial translation strategy with service providers. This move is driving greater flexibility, lower costs, and better investigator experiences through improved decision-making as well as insight generation.

●     Achieving advanced levels of operational excellence

Companies that try to improve their manufacturing and distribution quality can reduce complaints and deviations by realizing greater efficiencies in clinical supply chains. An example is a community of organizations that use digital analytical tools in the value chain to improve quality performance through driving growth, resilience, productivity, and environmental sustainability. Many other pharmaceutical companies are already using digital analytics to achieve the benefits like reducing deviations and cost in commercial manufacturing.

●     Gaining end-to-end performance visibility

Companies require complete visibility of their performance to realize the opportunities in supply flexibility, patient experience, and cost performance. However, it is a fact that performance management and governance are areas of improvement in pharmaceutical companies carrying out clinical trials, as they lack the ability to regularly monitor performance metrics such as lead times, service levels, and cost

●     Establishing external partnerships

Many clinical trial supply companies struggle to cope with clinical innovations such as cell and gene therapy, as well as decentralized trials. These innovations thrive on new supply capabilities such as viral-vector manufacturing, device management, and in-home services. Instead, leading clinical supply drug companies are looking outward to developing external partnerships with contract research organizations (CROs), as well as technology providers and niche service organizations.

●     Organizing clinical supply in a flexible manner

Enacting and ensuring the performance of clinical trials in a way so as to be more flexible in responding to future trends and new types of clinical trial designs. Moreover, a scalable architecture will accommodate multiple clinical supplies models into one system

Key Takeaway

As clinical trial supplies become increasingly complex and complicated, there is a need to conduct trials in a cost-effective and performance-enhancing way. Pharmaceutical companies can ensure this flexibility in the clinical trial supply process by determining a course of action in drug delivery, testing, and experimentation. Moreover, establishing partnerships with external stakeholders such as the government, clinical trial translation companies, and contract research organizations will ensure a smooth clinical trial process without delays and errors.

Top 20 Most Competent Medical Groups in the USA

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The medical industry is constantly evolving. The practices are changing over the years. Moreover, the mediums for treating patients have also been diverse. Also, the healthcare industry closely studies new research and technologies for better implementation. Medical groups are the practices of the day now and it is a new model for care of the patients in today’s modern world. A medical group is a network that is run by independent physicians who own their practices and reject to work as salaried employees with healthcare systems. They decide to join a medical group so that they can stay independent and also can get the support that they need time and again to facilitate their patients.

Twenty of America’s top competent medical groups are given below with brief details.

1. Penn State Medical Group 

Penn state health is a multi-hospital health system and it is based in Pennsylvania. This medical group is facilitating the patients and communities across 29 counties. They aim to improve their patient care through research, wider community outreach, and education.

It has 126 practices in 94 unique outpatient locations. It has more than 17,500 employees and more than 3000 physicians and care providers. It all started with the Hershey medical center back in 1970. It is more powerful now and has grown to include six hospitals. It further stimulated its growth in 2015 when it acquired St Joseph Regional Health Network in Berks County.

It was in 2017 when Physicians’ Alliance LTD, also the largest independent physician practice group in Lancaster county joined hands with Penn State Health.

The Penn state medical group aims to provide the health and well-being of Pennsylvania people and even beyond.

2. Buffalo Medical Group

Buffalo Medical group was founded back in 1946 after World War II. Four visionary Buffalo physicians Drs Ramsdell Gurney, Murray S. Howland Jr., George F. Koepf, and Frank Meyers are the founders of the Buffalo medical group. It was after the war that they decided to give up the concept of solo practice which was a common norm back then and start working as a team practice. They had firm beliefs about themselves and their team and they believed they could treat patients better in the team. 70 years later and the BMG group is facilitating its patients with innovative patient care and is also known as the largest physician-dictated group practice in New York state.

Services at Buffalo medical group include surgical and medical departments as well as clinical support services. Patients can choose their primary care from the group and the physician assigned is supposed to take care of the patients as long as patients stay to get the care at Buffalo medical group.

3. Intercoastal Medical Group

This group was founded back in 1993. It has a team of registered and highly credentialed 100 physicians who contain particular and specialized medical specialties. Intercoastal medical group is committed to providing the best quality care to the patients and healthcare industry. They have ten main locations in Sarasota and Bradenton, Florida. Their patients get benefitted from effective and efficient healthcare staff.

Top-notch health and wellness services are available in Sarasota and Manatee counties with the team of the most competent doctors in the town. They also facilitate queries online and appointments can also be booked accordingly. Their services include facilities of imaging, laboratory, and weekend care clinics with further specialties.

4. Laureate Medical Group

Laureate medical group has built a strong reputation over the years. Since 1962 they have been providing the best medical care, combined with sincere affiliation and empathy for the patients.

They offer individualized and comprehensive medical care regardless of gender and ethnicity.

This medical group was renamed to Laureate medical group in 2000. The founders include

Drs Palay, Frank, Brown, Gottlieb, Leaderman and Shulman.

Dr. Clarence Laws started his single back in the 1930s near the Woodruff Arts center. He has been extremely active throughout his service in the Atlanta Medical and cultural community.

In 1962 Dr. Bernard Palay shook hands with Dr. Laws and this practice grew further in a team. Dr. Palay took over the office after the death of Dr. Laws in 1970. This is how people started joining it with the passage of time making it one of the most competitive groups in the states.

Starting with a small office, Laureate Medical group has made progress leaps and bounds and they have board-certified internists and specialists who continue the practice and are committed to contributing to a patient-focused environment in their eight offices.

5. Beaver Medical Group

It was founded by Dr. Meredith Beaver who settled in Redlands in 1931 and opened his clinic on 131 Cajon Street. He served during WWI and post the world war he was back to his practice. He founded Beaver medical clinic in 1945 with the founding members Dr. Beaver, Espey Cannon, Joseph Hayhurst, and Gordon Witther. 77 years later Beaver medical clinic is now Beaver medical group and one of the multi-specialty medical groups with more than 290 registered care providers and 17 facilities and urgent care centers. It has an alliance with two local hospitals which are:

  • Redlands community hospital
  • Banning’s San Gorgonio Memorial Hospital.

It is one of the largest medical groups in southern California and offers the following services

  • Primary care
  • Specialty care
  • On-site services

Beaver group also collaborates with the health education department to offer services.

6. Oregon Medical Group

It is a medical group that was established in 1988 and started as a small group of practicing physicians who had a great vision of a patient care model as directed by the doctors rather than traditional authorities. The medical group which started with a few members has grown into one of the most important medical groups in the US. It has more than 700 employees working in different positions. They are paid and compensated well. Also, the owners understand the work-life balance for the continuous development of the organization so they make sure their employees are facilities accordingly.

The Oregon medical group is committed to working on a vision that is not only beneficial for the organization but for their patients too. They have introduced a convenient and easy process for the patients. Their process of booking appointments is quite simple and hassle-free. Also, they provide comprehensive care. They make sure to facilitate their patients with the best available physicians. They can also book specialists according to their needs and demands.

They offer almost all kinds of medical services.

  • Anticoagulation
  • Audiology
  • Dermatology
  • ENT
  • Family Medicine
  • Sports medicine and neurology are a few to name.

7. Vanguard Medical Group

They created this medical group in 2012. This came into existence as a result of the merger of three well-known practicing care hospitals which included

  • Changebridge medical associates
  • Cranford family practice
  • Town medical associates

After two years, in 2014 there were two more members. After much consideration vanguard medical group opened its first office in 2016 in Downtown Jersey City.

Most of the physicians who are working with the vanguard team have the experiences of practices for more than 20 years now in their respective communities. They have built a culture that not only takes care of the care providers but thinks about their families too.

Vanguard is committed to quality and safety. They have also made investments in information technology to support the quality improvement processes.

The goals which they want to achieve are

  • Perfection and excellence in patient-centered care
  • Preservation of independent private practice
  • Growth through intrinsic and partnering

8. Palms Medical Group

Palms Medical is another competent medical group in the USA. They aim to improve health, and wellness in life through compassionate medical care. They also believe in improving health through training and education. It is a diverse medical group that provides a whole range of healthcare services. They have multiple locations in North Florida.

Palms medical group is a not-for-profit healthcare organization. They commit to bringing quality and affordable primary care. The services they offer include primary care, pediatric care, dental services, and behavioral health. They also offer their services in alternative medicine such as chiropractic care.

They have upgraded labs with x-rays, equipment, and a pharmacy which saves the patients time and energy.

9. Silver Pine Medical Group

Silver pine medical group comprises physicians who are dedicated and committed to providing comprehensive care in an empathetic and compassionate manner. They also have to contribute to the professional environment. They aim to facilitate their patients with safety, quality care, and innovation.

The services they offer include

  • Test
  • Monitor
  • Vaccinate
  • X-ray
  • Prevent
  • Manage
  • Diagnose

They have designated a blue cross shield of Michigan patient-centered medical home practice. They believe in focusing on their patient.

Physicians at the silver pine groups have years of proven experience and they work with the latest technology. They guarantee their patients are in good hands. They have a certified team of practitioners and nurses. They all work in collaboration and make sure they provide good services to their patients.

10. Facey Medical Group

This medical group was started by Dr. Frederick Facey in 1923. He was the founder of this competent medical group. He started in the San Fernando Valley in 1923. Dr. Facey started taking partners to make his group grow further and he has 3 more competent and credible members who were

  1. Dr Sundlow
  2. Dr Seiter
  3. Drs Goetschel and Warren

They further expanded their operation during the 1950s. Dr. Fcey opened a new clinic at 417 South Brand Boulevard with a huge space accommodating every doctor on board.

Facey medical foundations and groups have affiliations now with multiple health and service institutes.

They have 5 hospitals, more than 25 ambulatory care sites, 3 skilled nursing facilities, a providence medical institute, and a medical foundation with more than 180 physicians in the South Bay area. Their services include almost every kind of treatment.

11. Clarkston Medical Group

James O’Neill laid the foundation of this medical group. The physicians believed in providing patients broad access to the whole healthcare team. They believe in treating all hospitals equally and with a patient-centered medical home, they provide comprehensive care to patients. They are available 24/7 to provide healthcare and for the well-being of the community.

They offer their services through telemedicine too. They have their CMG Telemedicine app available for both android and apple users. Patients can use it to book their appointments.

12. Cigna Medical Group

Cigna is a renowned medical insurance company. They deal in health and wellness taking care of their patients 24/7. They intend to improve the health and well-being of their patients with peace of mind. They are also working on health better with simple care and making it affordable for their people. They have more than 190 million customers and patients expanded to 30 countries. 70,000 employees work for this medical group and are determined to facilitate their patients and customers in the best way possible.

13. Quincy Medical Group

Dr. Walter M. Whitaker and Dr. Kent W. Barber both started this medical group in 1937. They were relatively Quincy physicians joined by Dr. O.F Shulian, a long-time Quincy physician at The Quincy clinic located at 1416 Maine. All of these physicians were well aware of the fact that group medicine has advanced effects in the evolving medical world. Quincy medical group was one of the 7 medical groups that were operational back in Illinois at that time.

Striving and surviving successfully through the years QMG surgery center now offers a low-cost and high-quality range of surgical services. It also enjoys the privilege of being the first outpatient center in Illinois to offer cardiac catheterizations in outpatient settings that are safe too.

14. Pediatrix Medical Group

Pediatrix is another competent medical group that is a physician-led healthcare organization. They have their hospitals, health systems, and other facilities related to healthcare which offer clinical services, particularly spanning and covering women and children,

The Pediatrix group has been growing since its inception in 1998 and they believe to make a difference in the lives of patients and their families. They also offer research education, working on the quality and safety of the surgical tools and every best possible support for the patients.

15. Rancho Family Medical Group

They are serving as the primary care provider in the Temecula area. They operate as the appointment-driven patient population. They also support walk-in patients. They operate at 28780 Single Oak Dr, Suite 160. They have been operating since they opened in 1942 in the southeast riverside county. It happens to be one of the oldest family practice groups in the Temecula Valley with more than 50 providers who manage clinics as many as 20 including a senior center, urgent care, senior nursing facility, and hospital locations.

16. Graybill Medical Group

Palomar Health medical group and also known as the Graybill is one of the largest and independent primary and specialty care medical groups in the region. They have helped multiple generations of families. This group was founded back in 1932 and has completed 90 years successfully.

They proudly offer

  • Primary and urgent specialty care
  • Having 80 compassionate and caring physicians and practitioners on board

17. Stoll Medical Group

This group is one of the competent groups in Philadelphia, PA. Stoll medical group is one of the most competitive groups in the town. Like all other medical groups, they also put great emphasis on primary care. Patients are provided with the patient portal and they can choose their physicians as per their needs and diagnosis. Appointments can also be booked online. Moreover, they keep updating their list of care providers so that patients know the people onboard.

18. Scarsdale Medical Group

The mission of Scarsdale medical group is to ensure that every individual who is coming to SMG gets personalized and high-quality medical care with all due compassion and respect.

The vision of Scarsdale is to get partnered if needed for the better health and wellness of the community with the best possible care tailored as per the needs of the patients.

SMG has affiliations with the leading hospitals including White Plains Hospital and Greenwich hospital for gynecology and obstetrics.

19. Turnure Medical Group

Physicians on board in the turnure medical group strongly believe in primary health care as well as soul care. They also make sure that they understand the cultural context too while facilitating patients who come from different cultural backgrounds.

TMG was made by Dr. Turnure in 2000. He always had the determination of providing extraordinary medical care to the patients and setting an environment for them where they feel at home and accept physicians as their family.

Turnure offers different packages which may vary as per the requirements of personalized care.

They have three main packages

  1. Traditional Doctors
  2. Concierge medical providers
  3. Turnure medical group

20. Northtowns Medical Group

They are a medical practice group who are based in Buffalo, New York. They have their specialization in internal medicine and physician assistant. This group was founded by Edward A Stehlik who is an internal medicine specialist at Northtowns. He took this initiative in 1990. Starting with a few people that are now a team of more than 10000 employees.

They have their services in the internal medicine

  • Physician Assistant
  • Nursing (Nurse practitioner)

They are determined to set higher standards for care in western New York. They promise to listen, educate and facilitate their patients with personalized care. They also believe in using recent technology for the betterment of humanity. They also work on the mental health of their patients. They have their services available in multiple languages and offer medical interpreters as well.

Conclusion

A medical group is a practice of physicians where they get on board to work with a team of doctors and physicians and get determined to provide their patients the best medical care that too stays independent in their practices. There are hundreds of medical groups in the USA now. Twenty of these have been mentioned above with a brief history and the services they are offering currently.

World Polio Day

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World Polio Day is observed on the 24th of October each year to increase awareness about the vaccination of polio and eliminate the disease. World Polio Day is an annual event that celebrates polio. Rotary International established World Polio Day more than ten years ago to mark Jonas Salk’s birth. Jonas Salk led the first team to develop an effective vaccine for poliomyelitis.

The 2022 theme chosen for World Polio Day is “A healthier future for mothers and children.

According to WHO, the poliovirus vaccine and the subsequent widespread use of oral poliovirus, created by the late Albert Sabin, led to the creation of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988.

With The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), CDC works with allies to end polio and alleviate the suffering of this terrible disease. Eliminating polio in all forms requires our ability to endure, adapt, and invent to create a world free of polio. CDC and its polio partners are working to improve polio elimination efforts to overcome the challenges caused by covid-19.

The final stronghold for the poliovirus virus in Afghanistan as well as Pakistan. Several critical issues are in the way of getting rid of the virus, including the pandemic sweeping across the globe.

What Is Polio?

Polio is a debilitating and potentially fatal infection. The cure isn’t available. However, there are effective and safe vaccines. Polio can be prevented with vaccination. This Polio vaccine, administered multiple times, is almost always safe for the child for the rest of their lives. Therefore, the method to eliminate Polio is founded on preventing infected children by immunizing them until the transmission ceases, and then the world is polio-free.

What Is the Cause of Polio?

The cause of Polio can be traced to an RNA virus which is why 85% of cases are paralytic. Poliovirus is most often found in areas with insufficient sanitation. The virus can be transferred through food or water. Persons who have poliovirus can spread the infection through their urine. Additionally, contact with a poliovirus-infected individual could cause poliomyelitis.

Is Polio Both A Virus Or A Disease?

Polio is the name given to the virus that causes Polio.

Is Polio Still Alive Today?

There are instances of Polio in some regions of the world. Although the number of people affected has drastically decreased, however, efforts by international organizations to eliminate Polio continue.

What Are The Different Types of Polio Viruses?

Polio can affect your body in different ways according to where the virus is active and attacked. Other types of Polio can be found:

  • Abortive Poliomyelitis is a cause of flu-like and digestive symptoms. It is only present for several days and doesn’t cause any long-lasting problems.
  • Non-paralytic Poliomyelitis can lead to aseptic meningitis and swelling of the brain area surrounding the brain. It can cause more symptoms than abortive Poliomyelitis. It may necessitate you be admitted to the hospital.
  • Paralytic Poliomyelitis is when poliovirus strikes the spinal cord and brain. It could cause paralysis to the muscles which enable you to breathe, talk or swallow, and move your legs. The specific areas of the body that have been affected it’s known as spinal Polio or bulbar Polio. The two polios may occur together (bulbospinal Polio). A mere one percent of patients who have Polio develop paralytic poliomyelitis.
  • Polioencephalitisis a distinctive form of Polio, which primarily affects infants. It causes swelling in the brain.
  • Post-polio Syndrome is when polio-related symptoms return years after the polio-related infection.

What Effects Does Polio Have On The Human Body?

Poliovirus is absorbed into the body through the nose or mouth. It produces additional copies (reproduces) within your stomach and throat (intestines). Sometimes, it enters the spinal cord and brain and can cause paralysis. The paralysis could affect your legs, arms, and the muscles that regulate your breathing.

Who Are At Risk of Polio?

You’re at the most significant risk of Polio in the event that you haven’t been vaccinated, and if you:

  • Travel to or live in a region where Polio isn’t eliminated.
  • Travel to or live in an area that has low sanitation.
  • Are under 5.
  • Are pregnant.

Do Adults Have A Chance Of Contracting Polio?

Adults can contract the polio virus. Many adults are immune because they’ve been vaccinated or had Polio. People who aren’t vaccinated may be exposed to the polio virus.

How Widespread Is The Polio Virus?

The incidence of symptomatic Polio is low in many areas of the world due to global vaccination programs. In many countries, Polio has been deemed eradicated, meaning it’s not a problem in that region. When people stop being vaccinated, Polio may begin to appear again.

When Was The Last Time There Was A Recorded Case of Polio Registered In The U.S.?

The last time a case that naturally occurred (wild) Polio was reported within the U.S. was in 1979. Since then, patients have contracted in countries other than the U.S. or came due to the live polio vaccine (vaccine-derived) that is no longer available within the U.S. The last instance of vaccine-derived Polio in the U.S. was reported in 2022.

SYMPTOMS, CAUSES, AND OTHER REASONS

What Are The Signs of The Disease?

Between 70 and 95 95% of people infected with poliovirus do not show any symptoms. For those who do, most sufferers have the mildest version (abortive Poliomyelitis) with flu-like signs and intestinal symptoms. Polio paralysis causes the most severe symptoms, which include paralysis.

The Symptoms Of Abortive Poliomyelitis

The symptoms of abortive Poliomyelitis are similar to those of many other ailments. It can occur between three and seven days after infection and can last several days. The symptoms of abortive Poliomyelitis are:

  • Fatigue.
  • Fever.
  • Headache.
  • Vomiting.
  • Constipation or diarrhea.
  • Sore throat.

Signs Of Non-Paralytic Poliomyelitis

Non-paralytic Poliomyelitis begins with the same symptoms as abortive. Additional symptoms start in a matter of days and include:

  • Neck stiffness.
  • Pins-and-needles or pain in your legs and arms.
  • A severe headache.
  • The sensitivity of the light (photophobia).

Paralytic Poliomyelitis Symptoms

Paralytic poliomyelitis begins with symptoms that are similar to abortive as well as non-paralytic. Other symptoms may manifest in a matter of days or weeks, such as:

  • Sensitivity to contact.
  • Muscle spasms.

Furthermore:

  • Poliomyelitis in your spine causes you to be unable to move your legs or arms and either (paralysis).
  • The Poliomyelitis of the bulbar makes it difficult to swallow, breathe and talk.
  • Bulbospinal Poliomyelitis is a sign of both bulbar and spinal Polio.

Signs And Symptoms Of The Polio Encephalitis

There are signs of polio encephalitis by themselves or by flu symptoms. Signs and symptoms include:

  • Extreme fatigue (fatigue).
  • Anxiety.
  • Focusing issues.
  • Seizures.

How Does Polio Spread?

Polio is spread through coughing and sniffing or coming into contact with an affected individual’s poop (feces) (fecal-oral path). It is spread through:

  • Washing your hands before having a bathroom visit or touching the poop (like the process of changing diapers).
  • Consuming water that is contaminated or putting it in your mouth.
  • Consuming foods that are contaminated by polluted water.
  • Swimming in water that is contaminated. The water can be contaminated if people suffering from diarrhea swim in it.
  • Sneezing or coughing.
  • Being near anyone suffering from an individual with.
  • Contacting surfaces that are infected.

DIAGNOSIS and TESTING 

How Is Polio Diagnosed?

A medical professional detects Polio through a physical exam, tests body fluids, and then asks you about the symptoms you experience. It is essential to inform your doctor that you’ve recently traveled to another country.

Your doctor may take samples of your body fluids to determine if there are signs of Polio and other infections, such as:

  • Spit (saliva) from your throat.
  • Poop (stool).
  • Blood.
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (liquid around your spinal cord and your brain).

Since polio-related symptoms appear much like symptoms of the flu, you can expect your physician to perform additional tests to exclude frequent illnesses.

Treatment and Management

What Is The Treatment For Polio?

There aren’t any specific drugs for treating the polio virus. If you have paralytic Polio, you’ll be treated with physical therapy. If your breathing muscles are weak or paralyzed, you’ll require mechanical ventilators or a machine that helps you breathe.

It is possible to reduce your symptoms:

  • Consuming liquids (such as juice, water as well as broth).
  • Utilizing heat packs to ease muscle aches.
  • Using pain relief medications, like Ibuprofen (Advil(r), Motrin(r)).
  • Physical therapy, as well as any exercise that your doctor recommends.
  • A good night’s sleep is essential.

PREVENTION

How Can One Stop Polio?

The most effective way to avoid Polio is by getting immunized. Vaccination usually occurs in the early years of childhood. If you were not vaccinated when you were an infant or aren’t sure whether you were, consult your doctor about whether you should be vaccinated.

Adults With A Higher Risk Of The Polio Virus

Your physician may recommend you receive an additional dose of the polio vaccine (or be vaccinated when you’re an adult, if not been vaccinated) in the event that you:

  • Are you planning on traveling to some areas of the globe in which Polio is still present?
  • If you work in a laboratory, you may come in contact with the poliovirus.
  • Help patients who might have been exposed to poliovirus.

Wrapping Up

In this article, we discussed World Polio Day and why it is celebrated on the 24th of October. Polio has caused many deaths and still in some parts of the world it is affecting people’s lives. Hence, it’s imperative to understand the causes, symptoms, and preventive measures of the Polio virus.

How Much Do Pharmaceutical Reps Make?

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Pharmaceutical representatives are the individuals who are involved in the sale of pharmaceutical products. They are hired by pharmaceutical companies who expect them to persuade doctors to prescribe their brand of medicine and drugs to the patients. According to an estimate pharmaceutical companies invest more than $ 5 billion annually in the process of sending their representatives to the doctors, providing product information the frequent question-answer session, and delivering product samples. This also makes people wonder about how much the pharmaceutical reps make. These sessions and communications are conducted according to the set limit. The limits are set by the code on interactions with healthcare professionals and created by the pharmaceutical research and manufacturers of America (PhRMA). This code was worked on in the year 2002 and they have updated it to help define the interaction and official relation between the healthcare professional and pharmaceutical businesses.

Salaries for pharmaceutical sales reps

The salaries of pharmaceutical sales reps depend on certain factors. The importance of these is

  • Sound knowledge
  • Experience
  • Degree relevance
  • Target achievements

The salaries and earnings increase over time. Also, the pharma companies set particular targets for their employees to tempt them to better performance and to earn well eventually. The salaries also vary with the region and countries and the profile of companies. A lot of pharmaceutical companies pay well compared to others. Also, pharmaceutical reps get different remuneration in different countries. Additionally, the hourly and annual salaries of the

How much do pharmaceutical reps make an hour?

The hourly wages mainly depend on the profile and experience of the individuals. As per the recent survey conducted just recently, the hourly pay that pharmaceutical sales representatives get in the United States is $39.15.

However, it has been reported to be as high as $62.98 and the lowest is $10.10. Most of the hourly wages of hourly pharmaceutical sales representatives range between $23.08 to $53. 12 all across the United States. The average pay as the analysts suggest varies between $30.05 and it suggests further opportunities for advancement and increases in pay depending on the skill level, location, and years of experience.

As the job posting on famous platforms tells hourly pharmaceutical sales representative job market all over the world may vary as per internal factors. The average hourly pharmaceutical rep pay, however, falls at around $39 and it may also be $0.01 less than the average hourly salary across the nation. Moreover, it is also interesting to note that the hourly salary of around $39.15 might rank as the number 1 out of more or less 50 states nationwide for the hourly salaries of pharmaceutical representatives.

How much do pharmaceutical reps make a year?

As per the reports and estimates, specialty pharma representation makes more than the usual ones. They earn higher salaries of around $138,150 on an average basis. Pharmaceutical sales representatives are also employed by the manufacturers that may make less of at around $119,933 however the highest paid word for large and multi-national manufacturers with an average compensation of $133,407 annually.

Further breakdown tells 43.16 per hour and which is equivalent to an amount of around $1726/week and $7481/month.

New pharmaceuticals however start the less pay due to lack of experience. All the individuals who opt for the career of pharmaceutical reps who have experience of fewer than 2 years get to earn around $100,083 annually. They do start making more with time and after gaining experience. According to the reports pharmaceutical reps who have experience of 20-plus years in the field bring home more than $155,000 annually. Moreover, those who get to advanced executive positions like pharmaceutical sales VP manage to make around $200,455 on average.

What do pharmaceutical sales reps do?

Pharmaceutical companies conduct the hiring of representatives to represent their companies in the market and to follow the leads targeting potential customers whom they are assigned within a particular geographic region. They further present their companies at conferences, and networking events and also conduct workshops to cultivate better sales and target potential sales.

The basic responsibilities of the pharmaceutical reps include the tasks of interacting with clinicians and physicians and talking about the benefits of certain medicines. They endorse their company’s product and convince the physicians to advise that particular medicine to their patients. Pharma reps meet with physicians and healthcare professionals quite a lot and describe their products’ formulas, drug chemistry, right dosages, and adverse effects. They also discuss their potential interaction in the future.

They also get assigned to promote particular drug classes including antibiotics, antidepressants, and beta blockers. Pharmaceutical reps are also responsible for administrative tasks such as order purchasing, making and maintaining new accounts, reviewing product literature, and working on consumer complaints.

Important skills required

Pharmaceutical reps are not ordinary individuals. They have to be really good at their communication skills. They also get to negotiate and hence the mettle should be proved too. The pharmaceutical industry is a fast-paced sector and there are exceptional interpersonal skills are required to survive in this field. The individuals have to polish their verbal communication skills to convey detailed figures and statistics about the ingredients and formulation of the medicines. Moreover, sales skills are the second important skill set to have in order to excel in the field of the pharmaceutical industry as a rep. They have to be patient as well so that they don’t get aggressive in tough situations and it is also important to not lose calm. These skills also decide how much do pharmaceutical sales reps make.

They should also be properly educated and know the scientific process of how things work and the impact of drugs and medicines on the human body. They should also be organized enough to handle multiple physicians and contractors at a time. Also, they should be self-motivated, polite, and determined soul to get the attention of their dealers properly. They should have strong emotional and mental quotient in order to strive with the work pressure and the pressure of target achievement.

Pharmaceutical reps training

Training is important for all kinds of jobs so that the individuals can perform better and also know how to work. Pharmaceutical companies require individuals who have the four years bachelor’s degree in pharmacy from an accredited institution. Though a particular major is not the condition the reps should be knowing the life sciences, particularly biology and chemistry.

There are universities that offer diplomas for people who aim to become pharmaceutical reps. They also offer a customized short course so that the aspirants know their work and the rules of this industry.

A lot of organizations are also working on online pharmacy diplomas. They get trained accordingly so that they act professionally and know how to generate business and strive in the market.

The top five medical pharma are

  1. Accreditation council for medical affairs (ACMA)
  2. Medical sales college
  3. CNPR pharmaceutical sales training
  4. The University of Texas at San Antonio
  5. University of Florida Graduate certificate

The aspirants who want to become professionals in the pharmaceutical industry should consider the factors that can polish their skills and make their profile more worthwhile and all these attributes can help them decide to make a lot of money annually. However, they should also keep on working on how much do pharmaceutical reps make.

Final Words

Pharmaceutical reps can make millions if they adopt the right pathway. It is undoubtedly a challenging job and has strict requirements. The pharmaceutical sales rep makes hourly $39 and the annual earnings may go as high as $155,000.

Addressing the Growing Concerns Over the Credibility of Online Medical Resources

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The credibility of internet material and online resources has always been questioned for multiple reasons. It is the internet that allows people to go through medical records and other required details whenever it is needed for their work or research. However, the problem occurs when it comes to the credibility of the same records. This is what makes the experts and researchers discuss the growing concerns over credibility of online medical resources. A lot of medical websites mispresent the details and content and people related to the medical field can not take the risk by going with inaccurate or wrong medical information as it may mess with the right diagnosis followed by a wrong treatment which can also claim human lives.

Discuss the growing concerns over credibility of online medical resources.

As we all understand how the advanced technology and availability of the internet have made people’s lives easier. It has also made people discuss the credibility of online resources. Many times when students or researchers have to work on their dissertations or research papers in the medical field, they have to worry about the authenticity of the references. Though, there is a huge collection of medical information available online but not all of it is credible and the source of authenticity is a must to put in the bibliography of the university papers and thesis.

Medical resources online

Among the pool of medical resources, it has become tough to scan the right ones and people often have to suffer due to the fact that they don’t get the things right and it further creates issues in their diagnoses and timely treatment. A few of the important treatments are:

UpToDate

It is one of the most trusted medical resources online. It is reviewed by the physicians and every publication gets through a lengthy and effective review process to make sure the accuracy and timeliness, of the information provided. UpToDate is considered an authentic source for more than 90% of US-based medical and healthcare centers. According to the survey most of the doctors and residents like to consult this platform before they go to any other medium.

However, an interesting thing to note is that it is not for the physician resource exclusively and healthcare institutions also have to train the nurses and other medical staff and professionals so that they know how to use and manage professional care.

PubMed

This is the official website of the US national library of medicine which is linked to the National institutes of health. The articles and abstracts presented on this website are reviewed by peers and professionals.

Using PubMed could be hectic. As this database is massive and comprehensive so looking for the relevant and given situation could be tough and also draining. There is an easy search feature available though to explore the numerous studies. There is an advanced search feature too which helps to get familiar with the functions which are available for medical professionals.

WebMD

WebMD is one of the reliable sources and also a great place to conduct research, interactions, syndromes, and a lot more.

It is a US-located company and Jeff Arnold founded this company. This company was a result of the merger of two other companies that were striving to make accurate and up-to-date medical data and content which is available online.

Back in the early 2000s, WebMD became one of the most popular websites for medical professionals. It even overtook government-run websites due to its user-friendly nature. The articles are reviewed by specialty doctors and pharmacists who go through the details to ensure accuracy. So this is one of the authentic online medical information resources.

Trusted online medical resources

There are hundreds of medical resources online but not all of these are trusted and credible. Medical information and content is a sensitive field and area hence it asks for professional and expert people.

World health organization

WHO is the United Nations integral part and it focuses on global health and research mainly. It has played a vital role during the pandemic peak days and the factors responsible for COVID-19.

It is one of the most trusted and authentic sources and is also official. They have plenty of information about the regional pandemics including HIV, Ebola, tuberculosis, and Malaria. They work on fact sheets, picture libraries, and other helpful resources for medical professionals.

Other than HIV, a lot of these conditions doctors have seen rarely. So, it is quite better to have research from the experts who are leading the industry and who are handling the diseases in the different parts of the world where there are particular diseases that are more common.

There is regular publishing of the WHO website where there is a news related to the conditions that they dive into around the globe and deal with the topics such as infant mortality hearing loss or malnutrition, particularly for kids.

Other trusted online mediums include

  • Save a life
  • WebMD
  • Merck Manuals
  • Clinical Key

Medical research online resources

The easy availability of the internet has made it quite convenient for people to chip in information related to their field. This is extremely important to consult authentic mediums online for research papers and write-ups.

A few of these are

Medscape Reference

It is quite free and easy to access. It offers a variety of wealth of medical information that has been designed for the healthcare community. Medscape also provides information about a variety of medical conditions which include categories such as presentation, etiology, workup, and disease treatment. A research paper always requires solid information and Medscape is the right platform to provide convenient and organized authentic information.

Journal of the American medical association (JAMA)

JAMA contains a huge collection of medical information which can help students and researchers with their research papers. It also has a feature that allows browsing the most recent topic or issue of the journal for a specific topic of interest. It has a premium subscription and a lot of schools and institutes have taken the subscription to offer free services to their students.

Other online medical research might include

  • British Medical Journal (BMJ)
  • UpToDate
  • PubMed

Online medical training resources

A lot of individuals who are medical students or related to the medical industry by any means are always looking to enhance their knowledge and polish their skills. Universities and colleges often fail to provide sources to their students. However, there are a lot of online resources that can provide training to students. These platforms also offer MCQs, investigations, clinical approaches, and anatomy which enable students to understand everything quite easier.

Five of the authentic online medical training platforms include

  1. Osmosis
  2. Passmedicine
  3. Amboss
  4. Med Mastery
  5. Online MedEd

Due to the sensitivity and complexity that the medical field contains the students should be mindful of the fact of the credibility and should be looking to discuss the growing concerns over credibility of online medical resources to ensure the accuracy and precision in their work and also to make sure that their efforts are not wasted.

Most of the above-mentioned platforms offer free online resources for medical students which helps them to work on their research papers and assignments even better.

Final words

The easy availability of medical content has made experts worry and concerned over the growing questions about the credibility of online medical resources. The importance of credibility and authenticity can not be overlooked in the medical field. Therefore, it is important to address these concerns and take measures accordingly. Also, the most trusted and authentic online medical resources have also been shared for a better understanding of the readers.

Top Medical Translation Apps In 2022

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If you’re looking for the interpretation of a medical diagnosis or need to translate a brief conversation with a foreign patient, the need for medical translation apps becomes apparent.

Healthcare professionals often consult them when they need immediate assistance or expert guidance regarding understanding written texts. Of course, the most effective translation software can’t be able to replace any medical translation that is official. However, the technology has developed apps for medical translation. These applications offer convenience to medical professionals.

This article will discuss the best medical translation apps in the world. So let us start;

Which Medical Translation Apps Should You Know About In 2022?

The following are the top 10 medical translation applications in 2022

1. Systran

Systran

Systran is the most popular choice for healthcare professionals due to its extensive database of languages and its status as the most widely used medical standard around the globe. With a range of languages, including Arabic to Russian and Gaelic, it also comes with great technology and tools that help connect human translation with AI-powered healthcare tools. Given the system’s flexibility and adaptability, it’s also the preferred choice of several skilled technical translators.

2. Pairaphrase

Pairaphrase

This specific medical application functions as an enhancement of nursing and healthcare documentation. It comes with a user-friendly system that lets you provide the outcome of your translation to your translator to make corrections that should be required. It’s an excellent method for handling lengthy medical documents and research projects.

3. MediBabble

MediBabble

While it’s an application for medical interpreting that is free, it’s good enough to ask foreign patients fundamental questions regarding their well-being and health, which is already available. It is available in multiple languages such as Chinese, Malay, Italian, and Spanish as well.

4. VerbalCare

VerbalCare

It is a medical translation app for physicians that works with images. Patients who are unable to speak point at icons or phrases on the application that best suit their present situation or fears. The application lets users utilize icons to send an email to the nurse. The difference is how it contains phrases such as “My heart hurts” or “I cannot feel my leg,” which can be helpful in an emergency. Another benefit is that it transmits direct messages to the nurse’s mobile phone or any other digital monitor and automatically translates them to the appropriate language.

5. ITranslate

ITranslate

It is an excellent app in emergencies when you’re unable to write. One can talk to a patient from another country with the 42 language options available. Moreover, it allows the patient to listen to the translation. Hence, it is a great way to save time in the event of an active schedule.

6. Canopy App

Canopy-Apps

Healthcare professionals use this application when explaining a specific procedure to a patient. The subject ranges, such as Cardiology up to Surgery or the standard examination, and the application has technical translations to prevent confusion.

7. Google Translate

Google-Translate

Google Translate indeed makes mistakes, but it isn’t expensive and can support more than 100 different languages. The patient can type anything in their language, keeping things private, or translate the phrase in the first place.

It can also handle translations within Gmail if you have to interpret messages about insurance or other matters. It is always a good idea if the clinic’s website has all the information needed to translate, and that’s why you should locate a reliable localization service with experience in this field. It can also help make life easier and give patients essential information regarding the hospital’s services.

8. Care To Translate

Care-To-Translate

Care To Translate is an official medical translation application with information and phrases verified by native speakers means it can’t create an unnatural expression or is simply incorrect. It is a vast list of words that can assist the personnel in the hospital ask quick questions and allowing patients to pick the phrases which are the most appropriate.

9. Ecaring

Ecaring

Ecaring has created a home-based healthcare monitoring system to aid older adults in staying at home for longer. The platform, designed specifically for caregivers whose language isn’t English, is accessible in Russian, Spanish, Chinese, and Filipino, in addition to other languages.

Icons represent everyday activities like eating, using the bathroom, and working out, in addition to the patient’s mood. This information can be helpful to medical personnel in assessing the patient’s health as well as any adverse negative effects.

10. Starling Health

Starling-Health

Starling Health uses visual icons to help patients communicate with each other and medical personnel. The app displays the history of requests for a patient as well as lead times and frequently requested items. It also allows medical personnel to understand the patient’s needs better and reduce the risk of a patient’s return. The latest options include assistance to patients who lack speaking abilities due to stroke, neurological condition, or physical surgical procedures.

Now that we have discussed the top apps for medical translation, one may question the benefits that they provide. To answer that, we have listed five advantages of such applications.

Five Advantages of Medical Applications

Following are the benefits;

1. Decreased Expenses

Innovation for interpretation in medical care can radically reduce expenses for emergency clinics and medical language service providers for their interpretation needs and increment efficiency. Interpretations provided by such agencies are very beneficial, but they often are a bit expensive for middle-class individuals. However, if you are a medical institution looking for market expansion, then medical translation agencies can help you quite significantly.

2. Decreased Weights

Certain medical care offices do have not many mediators ready to give a translation, especially in a quick time period. The sit-tight time for mediators can in some cases be as many as 25 minutes.

Discourse to-discourse innovation could address the holding up time issue, which puts less staff pressure while additionally expanding patients’ proficiency. That measure of efficiency in medical care is a principal objective of most clinic overseers.

3. Improved Quality and Exactness

Precision can be a monstrous issue in interpretation and understanding. Typically, the mediators aren’t the ones additionally finishing up the desk work. It’s fundamental to guarantee that what one says in a single language is precisely reflected in another.

Vulnerability can altogether influence the course of protection repayment and charging and the administration of medical services records. As patients and specialists sit together in a trade that is kept in the two unique dialects on a screen, they will actually want to see whether there’s a blunder or something that should be explained. There’s no chance to pause, and individuals in the room can make quick amendments.

4. Portability

One more benefit of medical care interpretation applications is their adaptability. Contemplate the reinforcement clinics that could be holding up at the Crisis division’s affirmations counter because of the shortfall of translators.

An interpretation device conveyed to the trauma center in case of a need can chop down quite a standby time. Rather than holding on until individuals can find a translator, this innovation is open in medical clinics. It would build the nature of patient consideration and general medical care insight, and that implies patient fulfillment goes far up.

5. Clinical Applications

It’s not only helpful for the authoritative part of emergency clinic care but can likewise have a tremendous effect on the clinical part. You have three individuals in a discussion – the individual communicating in an unknown dialect, a translator, and the doctor.

It would be ideal for correspondence to stream unreservedly and equitably in a circumstance like this, however critical subtleties can be missed. The presence of two reports before a specialist and patient, one in their language and one more in the interpretation, permits specialists to decide whether the patient and their translator grasp their inquiries. Interpretation applications will empower us to catch the soul and plan of a doctor’s work to speak with a patient while staying away from discussions on the telephone. What’s more, in particular, individuals won’t ever miss the messages.

6. Fast And Efficient Access

Dissimilar to customary and wasteful phone access to doctors and medical care associations, some of the best medical translation apps empower patients to send secure messages, plan arrangements rapidly, and interface with suppliers day in and day out for telemedicine visits.

Medical applications are perhaps the quickest developing way patients utilize Health applications on their cell phones. They love the comfort of leading a supplier visit on their telephone or tablet and the way they don’t have to make a trip to the doctor’s office or get some much-needed rest work.

7. Enhances Prescription Adherence

Whenever patients are released from the emergency clinic or leave the facility, it’s hard to control whether or how they take their drugs. Or, on the other hand, honestly, on the off chance that they get it from the drug store by any stretch of the imagination. Unfortunate prescription adherence is a massive justification behind the painful administration of a patient’s persistent condition. It can likewise bring about medical clinic readmissions and tragic results.

Health applications and versatile innovation arrangements further develop this by giving patients highlights like computerized drug and top-off updates, and instructive data, further expanding the opportunity to take their meds appropriately.

There are a great many applications intended to assist patients with making sure to take their medication. In this article, we have mentioned the best medical translation applications. They can update patients about when to accept or reorder their remedies, track remaining pills, and provide informative material.

Conclusion

Top-Medical-Translation-Apps-In-2022

In this article, we discussed the top medical translation apps for physicians in 2022. However, we also shed some light on how patients can benefit from these applications.

International Overdose Awareness Day

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This blog will discuss the International Overdose Awareness Day, which is observed on August 31.

What Is The International Overdose Day?

Every year on August 31, the international community gets together on a single platform to observe the prevalent issue of Drug Overdose.

What Is The Purpose of Observing The Overdose Awareness Day?

The purpose of observing Overdose Awareness Day is to highlight the issue of overdoses that take place around the world. Suppose the international community gets together to de-stigmatize the case of drug-related deaths. In that case, it could help many people to prevent this from happening to any of their family members.

“Addiction has the power to destroy, but don’t let that happen ever.”

When Was The First Overdose Awareness Day First Observed?

The first Overdose awareness day was observed on August 31, 2001. An Australian named SJ Finn was an old army veteran. He used to manage a needle and syringe program at the Salvation Army Crisis center in Victoria. Finn promulgated the notion of Drug Overdose in the “Hand and Syringe” program. His emphasis on the subject led to national attraction. Eventually, the US government got involved, and August 31 was chosen as the day for raising awareness about Drug overdosage so that it could be prevented in the future. Since 2012, it has been run by the Penington Institute, giving it much international recognition.

Importance of International Overdose Awareness Day

“Overdose Awareness Day reminds us that we must not let our happiness go for a toss with a drug overdose.”

Every Overdose Awareness Day is substantial because it makes a difference since every individual who dies from an Overdose of drugs is somebody’s kid, kin, parent, auntie, cousin, or companion. They all had gifts they might have imparted to the world, assuming we esteemed them more.

Many individuals additionally don’t understand that drug overdose deaths are avoidable. Hence, if this is observed, it draws notice to drug overdose and reminds individuals how they might forestall these superfluous passings.

Experts claim that the accessibility of naloxone packs and support of those encountering addiction to seek treatment are fundamental early advances.

Most specialists, including individuals who use drugs, concur that the United States keeps applying policing to a general medical problem. Policymakers center their energies – and citizens’ dollars – on keeping individuals from getting high instead of diminishing damage. Many praise a few substances and condemn others given bigotry and bias against workers, not due to logical information.

The awareness day also highlights a crucial notion. And that is, Regulations and mentalities are the most significant risk. The problem is plain and straightforward; How might a public health crisis, such as Drug overdose, end if each lifesaving asset is condemned, derided, and confined?”

Until drug use is decriminalized, correctional facilities, jails, probation, and parole should act as an entry for proof-based treatment.

“It is very important for us to make our generations aware of overdose to prevent them..”

How To Observe The Drug Overdose Awareness Day?

If you consider yourself a responsible and sympathetic member of the international community, you must give the attention that this day demands from us.

Here are some of the few things that you can do to observe Drug overdose awareness day;

  • Inspire your employees to take part in IOAD commemoration activities.
  • Keep a candle-lit vigil.
  • Create a program of education like one that is focused on preventing the use of opioids in conjunction with an organization in your area.
  • Give a large canvas and washable paint to allow survivors to leave a footprint in honor of their beloved ones.
  • Wear shoes or hats that are empty to symbolize the number of people who have died in the community
  • Include the name of loved ones who passed away from an overdose of opioids on the Honoring the Lost Loved Ones map
  • Buy or design wristbands, pins, purple wristbands, or other items, and wear them on August 31. This will showcase the overdose awareness color.
  • Study federal and state laws that prevent overdoses with opioids, and send a letter to your representative.
  • Help support NSC initiatives to stop this epidemic of opioids by donating to honor a beloved one.

Understanding Drug Overdose

A drug overdose occurs when you take excessive amounts of a drug, whether prescription or over-the-counter, legal or illicit. Overdoses of drugs can be unintentional or even deliberate. You’ve probably overdosed if you’ve taken more than the amount recommended for an ingredient or sufficient to cause harm to the body’s functions.

A drug overdose could cause serious medical issues, leading to death. The substance determines the severity of an overdose, the dosage is taken, and the medical and physical background of the person who overdosed.

Risk Factors

A variety of factors increase the likelihood of an overdose. They include:

Incorrect drug storage: Improperly stored drugs could be easy targets for naturally curious children who often put things into their mouths. It is easy for children to fall into and accidentally overdose on substances that aren’t appropriately sealed and secured in a safe place away from the children.

Inadequately following dosage guidelines: Even adults can overdose when taking medication if they do not adhere to the dosage instructions. Doing too much of your dosage more quickly than you are instructed can cause an overdose of an ingredient that is healthy for you.

History of abuse of addiction or misuse: Intentionally misusing prescription or illegal drugs could expose you to an overdose of a drug, especially in the case of frequent use or if you are addicted. The risk increases when you take more than one drug, mix several substances or combine these drugs with alcohol.

The history of disorders that affect the mind: Disorders of the mind can be risk factors for a drug overdose. Depression and suicidal ideas can be triggers for overdoses. This is particularly true when these signs are not being addressed.

Symptoms

The signs of an overdose can vary based on the individual, the dose, and the substance. But, the most common symptoms are:

  • nausea and vomiting
  • Drowsiness
  • loss of consciousness
  • Trouble breathing
  • problems walking
  • Affliction
  • violence or aggression
  • The pupils have been enlarged
  • The shaking
  • convulsions
  • hallucinations, delusions, or hallucinations

It is essential to seek medical attention immediately if you notice these symptoms or see them in another person and suspect that they have taken an overdose. The best method of determining whether these signs indicate an overdose is to know if you’ve had drug use or observed somebody else taking the drugs. In an emergency, seeking medical attention quickly could significantly improve the effectiveness of the drug treatment for Overdose.

Treatment

Treatment for a substance overdose depends on the specific situation. Knowing the amount of drug consumed is very beneficial during treatment. However, it isn’t always readily available. Strategies for general treatment that health professionals may employ may include:

  • Clearing the airway or inserting an airway tube if breathing is a problem
  • by introducing activated charcoal. It is absorbed by the digestive tract to help absorb the medication.
  • By causing vomiting to eliminate the substance from the stomach.
  • The stomach is pumped to eradicate the importance of the stomach.
  • Administering intravenous fluids to accelerate the body’s elimination of the substance.

A healthcare professional could be able to use an antidote to treat certain overdoses of drugs. For instance, the medication Naloxone can be used to help stop the effects of an overdose of heroin.

Preventing Drug Overdose

“Overdose of anything is bad, it can kill you and harm your loved ones. Say no to drug overdose!!”

A variety of methods can avoid overdoses from drugs. The most effective strategies eliminate the chance of accidental overdoses or triggers for an intentional overdose, to begin with.

If you have kids in the home, ensure that all prescribed and over-the-counter medicines remain away from children’s reach.

If you take prescription drugs, make sure you use them only under your physician’s directions. Don’t mix any medication without consulting your doctor to determine whether it’s safe. Also, it would help if you didn’t mix prescription and alcohol without consulting your physician first.

If you are addicted to substances, quitting is the most effective way to avoid the risk of a fatal overdose. Be aware that specific drug use methods are riskier than other methods. The inhalation or injection of drugs could reach your brain faster and increase the chance of taking a dose that could harm your health. Talk with your physician if you’re struggling and feel stuck. There are a variety of programs that can assist you.

Talk to your physician immediately if you are suffering from suicidal or depressed thoughts. Your doctor will be able to help you receive the mental health treatment you need.

Wrapping Up

“Let us create this world a better place to live by saving people from a drug overdose.”

In this blog, we tried to discuss drug overdose awareness.

To resolve such issues in our society, the aim should be to highlight and then get together on a single platform that enables people to observe this social issue and then concoct solutions to prevent this menace. 

What is Monkeypox?

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Monkeypox is one rare disease that is caused by an infection with the monkeypox virus. It comes from the same family of viruses which has the variola virus which is the cause of smallpox. Monkeypox symptoms are quite similar to smallpox symptoms. However, these are milder. As monkeypox is rarely fatal and it is not related to chickenpox.

It was discovered back in 1958 when there were two outbreaks of diseases in the colonies of monkeys and kept for research. Despite the name monkeypox, the source of the disease remains unknown. However, as per the experts, African rodents and non-human primates just like monkeys might stem the virus and infect people.

What are the Symptoms of Monkeypox

There are quite a number of symptoms of monkeypox. The symptoms could include rashes on body parts hands, feet, chest face, and mouth.

  • A rash goes through several stages also including scabs and before healing
  • Rashes also look like pimples or may be blisters and may be painful or itchy.

Other symptoms include

  • Fever
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Exhaustion
  • Muscle aches and backache
  • Headache
  • Chills
  • Headache
  • Respiratory systems (e.g sore throat, cough, or nasal congestion)

It is important to take note that the patients may or may not experience all of these symptoms.

A few other symptoms could also be

Flu-like symptoms before the rash

It could be vice versa with rashes first and followed by other symptoms

Sometimes these are only rashes

How long does Monkeypox last

These symptoms could last for more than three weeks of exposure to the virus. However, if someone has flu-like symptoms they may develop a rash 1-4 days later or so. It can spread once the symptoms are open and it usually develops rashes. It can spread over time until rashes are healed and scabs are fallen off and a new layer of skin is formed. The illness lasts for 2-4 weeks.

How is Monkeypox Spread

It can further spread through close, personal, often skin-to-skin contact, Direct contact with monkeypox rash, scabs, and body fluids from a person.

  • Coming in contact with the objects such as infected objects, fabrics including clothing, bedding, and towels and it also adds the surfaces that have been used by some who have monkeypox.
  • Coming in contact with the respiratory secretions

Through intimate contact

Monkeypox is contagious and it may spread from one person to another through direct contact with the infectious rash, scabs, and body fluids. Moreover, another medium of its spread could be respiratory secretion during prolonged and face-to-face contact. It can also spread during intimate physical contact, such as kissing hugs or so.

Pregnancy

A pregnant woman can be the reason for spreading this virus to the fetus through the placenta.

Infected animals

It is also very much likely to get an infection of monkeypox from the infected animals. They can transmit the virus either by being scratched or bitten by the animals and preparing meat or using products from the infected animals.

This time span of transmission from the infected person could start from the time patient starts having symptoms until the rashes have healed and there is new skin.

There is still research going on if a virus can be spread and transferred in case the person is asymptomatic and has no symptoms.

  • And how often it happens that monkeypox spreads through the respiratory secretions
  • Whether monkeypox can be spread through semen, urine, or feces. 

Where is Monkeypox Found

The first ever case of monkeypox was found in 1958. It was found among the laboratory monkeys in Copenhagen, Denmark. As for humans, the first-ever case was documented in 1970, in six unvaccinated children during the efforts of removing smallpox. It was the first 9-month-old boy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The rest of the people including three who were playmates were in Liberia and Sierra Leone. Scientists made progress by realizing that it is less transmissible compared to smallpox. Later from 1981 to 1986, more than 300 cases of human monkeypox were reported in DRC. It was mainly due to contact with animals. It was in 1996 that this disease reemerged in the DRC with 88% of the cases resulting from human-to-human transmission.

How many cases of Monkeypox in US

The United States is one of the countries which has been part of the outbreak of monkeypox in the United States. It is one of the four countries outside the west African clade of this virus. The first case of this outbreak was documented in Boston on May 19, 2022. As of August, monkeypox has spread to every state except Wyoming and Washington D.C, and Puerto Rico.

On August 4, 2022, the US centers for disease control and prevention declared monkeypox a public health emergency in the United States. Total cases of monkeypox are as many as 14,115.

How to treat Monkeypox

There are no particular treatments for monkeypox. The viruses of chickenpox and monkeypox are quite similar genetically which implies that all the drugs and vaccines developed to protect against smallpox may be used to prevent and treat monkeypox virus infections.

However, the symptoms can dissolve on their own without any treatment. Nonetheless, if needed the medication for pain and fever can be taken. It can help to relieve the symptoms.

Individuals with monkeypox should ensure to stay hydrated, eat well, and also have sound sleep. People who are self-isolating themselves can take measures to take care of their mental health by doing things that make them happy and relaxed.

It is also important that people avoid scratching their skin and the places of rashes to avoid further spread and to treat it soon. People should keep on washing their hands more frequently after they touch their rashes and pimples. They can keep their rashes clean by using sterilized water or antiseptic. Moreover, saltwater rinses can also be used for this purpose. It can be used for the lesions in the mouth, and baths with baking soda and Epsom salts.

Research over the years has led to the invention of Antivirals such as tecovirimat (TPOXX) could be used for the recommended people who are more likely to get ill due to infection these are the patients who have weak immune systems.

Where did Monkeypox come from

This virus initially came from animals and it was found during lab testing in Copenhagen, Denmark back in 1958. It has always been common in Central and West Africa. However, in May 2022, health officials started reporting the outbreak of the virus in many other regions too outside Africa. It is interesting that despite coming from Denmark it is endemic in Benin, Cameroon, the central African republic, the democratic republic of congo, Gaban, Ghana, and a lot more.

How dangerous is Monkeypox

Monkeypox generally is not dangerous. Most cases of monkeypox getaway on their own within a few weeks. However, it could lead to medical complications in some people depending on their medical history and nervous system. It can even lead to death with underlying immune deficiencies. Newborn kids, however, are more at risk of serious symptoms and can even die due to weak immune systems.

More complications from monkeypox include secondary skin infections, eye problems, and pneumonia in some cases. In past between 1% to 10% of people have died in the United States. However, it is important to note that the death rate could differ and may depend on a number of factors such as good healthcare, and access to good medical facilities. Also, the surveillance of monkeypox has been restricted in the past. Moreover, the new outbreak in different countries has also not seen much of deaths to date.

Which states have Monkeypox

New York has been witnessing the most cases of monkeypox in the recent outbreak. These 2744 as per the latest calculations. The next one is California and which has 2663 cases. The next states with the maximum numbers are Florida, Texas, and Georgia. Almost all of the states are being affected by monkeypox except Wyoming, Washington DC, and Puerto.

The table shows the ten most affected states with the maximum number of monkeypox cases. 

Sr. NoStateCases
1.New York2744
2.California2663
3.Florida1372
4.Texas1079
5.Georgia1066
6.Illinois888
7.New Jersey377
8.Pennsylvania371
9.District of Columbia351
10.Maryland349

How to protect yourself from Monkeypox

It is important that people are well aware of the facts and take the required steps to prevent monkeypox.

They can

  • Avoid close and skin-to-skin contact with people who have monkeypox rashes
  • Do not touch or scab the rashes of people who have monkeypox or if it looks like that
  • Do not have any intimate sessions with someone who could likely carry the symptoms of monkeypox.
  • Stay away from the materials and objects that a person with monkeypox has used
  • Better not to share eating utensils, cups, and others with the person who has monkeypox
  • Do not touch or come in contact with the bedding, towels, and clothing of a person who could be a carrier of monkeypox.
  • Wash your hands more often

Washing hands with soap and water or using an alcohol-based sanitizer is extremely important to protect yourself. Also, this should be done particularly before having food and using the bathroom.

Get Vaccinated

CDC (centers for disease control and prevention) government is recommending since always for vaccination for people who have ever been exposed to monkeypox or are likely to have the virus.

The people who could have a risk of getting monkeypox could include

  • People who have been scanned as the carrier by coming in contact with someone who had monkeypox
  • People who have their partners been diagnosed with the disease in the past two weeks
  • People who have come across people from an area that has monkeypox.

The people who could have their jobs with orthopoxviruses such as

  • Laboratory workers conducting tests for the orthopoxviruses
  • Laboratory workers who handle cultures or health aminals with particular viruses
  • Designated health care lab or public health workers

Vaccine protection

The preferred and relevant vaccine to protect yourself from monkeypox and virus is JYNNEOS. It is a two-dose vaccine. It takes a time period of 14 days of getting the virus to reach immune protection to its maximum usage.

Another vaccine named ACAM2000 could also be used as an alternative to JYNNEOS. It is a single-dose vaccine and it requires four weeks to protect the immune and reach its maximum. However, it is important to note that this vaccine could have more adverse effects compared to JYNNEOS. It should be taken under supervision and is certainly noted for people who have a weak and fragile immune system with several other conditions.

People should also take precautions to minimize the risk of exposure to monkeypox until they have been vaccinated or their vaccination has taken the required time to reach its maximum coverage.

Final words

A recent outbreak of monkeypox has quite made things tough for people. With more than 14,000 cases all over the States, it has become difficult for the government to take things into its hands. Hence, it is really important to educate the audience. WHO in this regard has made sure that people know what monkeypox is, from where it comes, and how it spreads. They are also trying to cover its history from where it came, monkeypox cases in the US, and how the disease can be treated. It further includes its intensity, and instructions to follow to protect yourself.

A Complete Guide on How to Become a Qualified Medical Translator

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People often keep looking about how to become a medical translator. Medical translation is a challenging role and complex as compared to other domains of translation services. As it involves a high level of risks and errors it gets tough for the translators to translate the medical content. Medical translation is an extremely specialized area of activity that requires translators to be vigilant and active so that there are no mistakes.

Basic Traits to have for a Career in Medical Translation

Medical translation is a dense and complex job. It asks for a vigilant and active mind who can consider all the basic factors before he indulges in translation. However, a few basic traits that are inevitable for it are

Language Proficiency

Language proficiency is the first and foremost thing. For a translator, it is important that he is at least bilingual and proficient in more than 1 language. So, that he can pull off the process of translation from one language to another language well. As the labor Bureau of Statistics suggests a translator is a bilingual person who converts content from one language to another.

Qualification Required

In order to become eligible for a medical translator and to offer medical translator services, a high school diploma is a must-have. However, having a relevant full-time degree or medical assistant program is a plus and even more beneficial and a high school diploma is the least degree that is expected from medical translators.

Diploma and Certification

Along with being bilingual the knowledge of medical terminology is another must. A lot of translation companies and even people who outsource the project to medical companies look for a certified medical translator and for that purpose one might need certification from the National board of certification for medical interpreters (CMI) before being a professional medical translator.

Certifications

For certification in some more common and high-in-demand languages such as Chinese, Spanish, Russian or Korean from the National Board for Certified Medical Interpreters, you need to pass the exam. The candidate:

  •    Must be 18+ years old 
  •    Must have a high-school diploma or U.S GED
  •    Have some diploma or accredited degree to present proficiency in the English language. 

As per the Certification Commission for Healthcare Interpreters, once you pass the written exam, you can get a certification in some of the less commonly used languages. 

In order to get the certification, the applicant:

  • Must be at least 18 years old
  • Have a high-school diploma or U.S GED
  • Must have taken a minimum of 40 hours of medical interpreting training course
  • Proficiency in English and target language 

Core CHI exam

If you want to become a certified healthcare interpreter, you need to pass this exam. It’s computer-based and includes multiple-choice questions covering the fundamentals of healthcare interpretation.

Want to know more about their certification? It’s better to contact CCHI and get their handbook of examination for better understanding.

Familiarity with Medical Terminology

Medical translation comes with certain responsibilities and translators should understand how medical translation requires translating a lot of medical text to translate and it is not possible for an individual to do it all. A beginner who aims to be a medical translator should go for this niche and should specialize in this category.

The new translators can start by trying their hands on product information leaflets or SmPCs which is a summary of product characteristics. Starting with these offers a lot of experience and helps to master this category. The first thing, however, is to process the approval in the target countries.

Communication Skills

A certified medical translator is one who not only is bilingual but also has a good grip on the good glossary and terminology. They should invest in good medical translation books and the content of their language pair. They also need to be updated and well aware of the fact of laws related to the medical field of the target country and audience. This practice of self-studying improves medical translation skills and makes the translator confident about the work he is doing. It is also wise for translators to get good medical dictionaries so they can consult these whenever needed.

Honing Medical Skills

Other than excellent grammar and language skills, medical knowledge is also of foremost importance. It implies the combination of three elements so that one knows which verb goes well with the medical term and the difference between identical items. The translator also needs to be well aware of the workings of the human body.

Teams of medical translators online are also acquired by pharmaceutical companies. In order to hone the medical knowledge translator should also read nursing books that are easier to study and follow. The potential translators can take help from the medical materials as well. A translator should also ensure to bookmark all the excellent online sources as they will be doing a lot of research online and offline as well.

Different Practices in Different Countries

There could be different procedures for becoming a medical translator in different regions. The individuals who intend to be medical translators in the European Union, however, should go for the four approval procedures and then should also be mindful of the country’s law and compliance. It is important to be aware of the guidelines. Medical translators work online as well as onsite. Moreover, the European medicine agency website is an authentic and good source. The site’s database can be used for practice translation. The content can either be translated into the source language or later downloaded. The translated version in the target language to compare how well the translation goes.

Medical translator services are now provided by a lot of hospitals, clinics, and health centers all over the globe. Medical translators once they know their field and are confident about being medical translators are unstoppable. However, they need to be mindful of the responsibilities and intricate details of the translation job. Moreover, they should be updated about medical knowledge and the laws that keep on changing on regular basis through constant reading and updated knowledge.

Final Head Start

Head starting the job as a medical language translator is indeed tough. It is particularly hard and complicated at the start because of the tough nature of the job. Being a medical translator is not going to be easy, however getting subject expertise, fluency in both languages, and experience consistency is the key.

The initial phase is particularly tough in this regard when everyone looks for an experienced candidate, and you have no experience. During such situations, the individual should always go for volunteer jobs to have some experience. They can work with hospitals,s NGOs, and other healthcare centers. In order to build a portfolio, it is imperative to offer the services voluntarily initially and make some sacrifices, and not lose patience. Good and right traits need to be developed from the very start. A professional medical translator is one who goes through every single medical term with detailed attention and makes sure he delivers work that is error-free as mistakes and negligences in the medical translation may lead to grave consequences.

Conclusion

Being a medical translator is not an easy task. When it comes to the paper qualification even a high school diploma may work. However, experience and practice are extremely important with the right subject matter expertise. Translators also need to be well aware of the rules of regulation of their target audience and market.

Top 5 Medical Translation Agencies

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Due to a hectic routine, every single person is leading a stressful life. The stress of life is causing many ailments. Many people are suffering from blood pressure, sugar, and anxiety. To deal with all these ailments, people seek the assistance of health care services. Health sciences guide people on how to lead a healthy life, for instance, eating a balanced diet and making walking part of their life. Fitness coaches and nutritionists are there to guide people. People usually follow those life sciences coaches that are followed by celebrities. If these people are from another country, then people seek the assistance of a life science translation agency. People from underdeveloped countries often go abroad to get the best health care services. The biggest problem that peoples face in a foreign country is communication. However, this problem is solved because there are many Medical Translation Agencies available to mitigate the communication barrier.

List of Best Medical Translation Agencies in the USA

Medical translation is one of the most demanded online services. It is very critical because the health of human life depends upon it. Many translation agencies are working around the world. Doctors and patients seek for those translation agencies that are renowned for providing seamless translation services. Are you looking for a reliable medical translation agency? Let’s dive into the top 5 medical translation agencies and finish your quest.

Life Science Translation

Life Science Translation is one of the leading certified medical translation agencies. It is providing seamless translation services in the field of pharmaceutical, veterinary and clinical trials. Moreover, it offers medical translation services for a wide array of medical disciplines from medical certificates to professional medical websites. They have a team of qualified translators with relevant medical experience. They are hired after strict scrutiny. These translators are equipped with modern technology so that they can provide seamless medical translation services in a fast turnaround time. Life Science Translation is playing its role in the field of medicine for more than 20 years. International pharmaceutical companies from all around the world are using its services.

NN Translations

NN translation is among one top medical translation agencies. It provides seamless medical translations in the field of clinical trials and pharmaceutical translations. All these services are offered in Balkan languages. Clinical research organizations, biotech, and pharmaceutical companies are taking the services of this translation agency. NN Translations is aware of the fact that precise medical terminology in translation is vital to save human life. For this purpose, they have employed translators with medical backgrounds and prior experience. Therefore, they provide you with impeccable medical translation services.

Okomeds

Okomeds is a professional medical translation agency. If you are into the business of medical and health care and want to launch your medical products in other countries then Okomeds is a viable option for you. Translators working at public and private organizations know the rules and regulations of different markets. Thus they provide medical translation services considering these rules and documents. The best translator team at Okomeds helps you to launch your medical products and services successfully. Moreover, it helps in the translation of medical reports, translation of analysis results, and translation of training courses and seminars.

MediqTrans

MediqTrans is one of the leading medical translation companies. It is offering translation services in some medical fields like pharmaceuticals, clinical research, and medical logistics specialists in all life sciences domains. The important thing to note is that the management of this company includes experienced leaders from the life science industry and medical translations that show their devotion to their work. They employ a team of well-qualified and experienced medical translators that strictly follows the medical translation methodology and quality assurance SOPs. The disciplined approach of Mediq Trans makes it the first choice of consumers for medical content translations.

Novalins

Novalins is the ultimate language service provider, especially for the medical industry. Some of the world’s largest digital health companies such as Doctify, Babylon Health, Best Doctors, and Teladoc are using the services of this agency. They consider it the best translation agency for medical. Novalins is backed by three ISO certifications which are (ISO 9001-2015 Management, ISO 17100:2015 Translation Services, and ISO 13485:2016 Medical Devices). All these certifications guarantee state-of-the-art medical translation services. Therefore you can opt for Novalis without worrying about translation quality. Translation services accompanied by technology save your time and provides you with the best medical translation results.

How to Select a Reliable Medical Translation Agency

It is an old saying that health is wealth. Gone are the days when people died because of lethal diseases. Now the life sciences and medicine have improved a lot. Although developing countries are lacking basic medical facilities still people go abroad to get the best health care services. In a foreign country, people cannot take leverage from medical facilities unless they understand the diagnosis and treatment in their native language. Here medical translation services are imperative. Here the next step is to search for top medical translation agencies. Due to digitalization, the search has become very easy. You can check the services of translation agencies online. For this, you need to do thorough research and read the testimonials of satisfied clients. Check whether the translation agency is equipped with modern technology or not. This is because technology speeds up translation work. In the medical field getting translated documents on time is equally important as accuracy.

Wrapping Up

In this era of globalization, after going through thorough research, you can ask for a translation quote online. If that quote suits you then you have to upload the translation file on their website. Location does not matter. Even if you are in China, you can select a medical translation agency New York. It all depends upon your medical translation requirements. Don’t compromise quality over money because, in the medical field, your life can be at stake. Select a reliable medical translation agency and lead a healthy life.

Read Also: How to Become a Medical Translator